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sprinti

Converts integers into formatted strings.

Prototype

	function sprinti (
		format [1] : string,   
		array      : integer   
	)

	return_val [dimsizes(array)] :  string

Arguments

format

A "C" style format string, See "man sprintf" for more information.

array

An array of any dimensionality of integers.

Description

This function uses the format string to call the system "sprintf" function. This is different from the C version in two ways: 1) only one "%" operator is allowed for the string, and 2) only integers are allowed. You must understand how to create a "C" format string to use this function.

See Also

sprintf, write_matrix

Examples

Example 1

This examples creates some strings with leading zeros:

  i = 1
  print( sprinti("%0.4i", i) )   ; ===>    0001  a string of length 4

  i = 21
  print( sprinti("%0.3i", i) )   ; ===>     021  a string of length 3

                                                 a "+" means print sign
  print( sprinti("%+0.4i", i) )  ; ===>   +0021  a string of length 5

  i = -21                                        a minus sign extra
  print( sprinti("%0.4i", i) )   ; ===>   -0021  a string of length 5

  i = 321
  print( sprinti("%0.4i", i) )   ; ===>    0321  a string of length 4

  i =  9
  print( sprinti("%4.2i", i) )   ; ===>      09  a string of length 4
                                                 the first two characters
                                                 are blanks
  i = -9
  print( sprinti("%4.2i", i) )   ; ===>     -09  a string of length 4
                                                 first character is blank

  ii = (/ -47, 3579, 24680 /)
  print ( sprinti("%+7.5i", ii) ); ===>     -00047, +03579, +24680
                                                 all are of length 7

  ilong = 201411050800l     ; the appended 'l' makes this a long integer (64 bits; 8 bytes)
                            ; "%12li" will print a long integer
  print ( sprinti("%12li", ilong) ); ===>   201411050800

Example 2

A user could also put the format into a string variable. For example, if i=9, j=-5, and k=999:

  fmti = "%0.4i"
  fmtj = "%0.3i"
  fmtk = "%6.3i"
  title = "Sample title,  i=" + sprinti(fmti, i) +" j="+ sprinti(fmtj, j) \
                       +" k=" + sprinti(fmtk, k)

The above yields:

  Sample title,  i=0009 j=-005 k=   999

Example 3

Frequently, a series of files must be processed. Assuming these files are "h00001.nc", "h00002.nc", ..., "h01234.nc", then:

do n=1,1234
   fnam = "h"+ sprinti("%0.5i", n) +".nc" ; Generate one string per iteration
   :
end do

will generate the required sequence of names. Also, the following may be used to generate all the names at once:

   fnam = "h"+ sprinti("%0.5i", ispan(1,1234,1)) +".nc"

fnam will have 1234 strings. Either approach is far more elegant than the following:

 do n=1,1234
   if (n.lt.10) then
       fnam = "h0000"+n+".nc"
   else
       if (n.lt.100) then
           fnam = "h000"+n+".nc"
       else
           if (n.lt.1000) then
               fnam = "h00"+n+".nc"
           else
               fnam = "h0"+n+".nc"
           end if
       end if
    end if
    .
    .
    .
 end do

Example 4

sprinti and sprintf can be used to provide limited formatting for printing ASCII text. The following code:

  print("      K     mylats      mylons     exacts    mytemps       fo")
  do n=0,N-1
    print (sprinti("%6.0i", knt(n))    +" " \
          +sprintf("%9.5f", mylats(n)) +"  " \
          +sprintf("%9.2f", mylons(n)) +"  " \
          +sprintf("%9.3f", exacts(n)) +"  " \
          +sprintf("%9.4f", mytemps(n))+"  " \
          +sprintf("%9.4f", fo(n))    )
  end do

will produce the following output:

(0)          K    mylats     mylons     exacts    mytemps       fo
(0)             16.28100    -126.14     20.650    20.6500    20.6500
(0)          5  16.28110    -126.14     20.650    20.6500  -999.0000
(0)         25  16.36279    -125.77     20.550    20.5500    20.5500
(0)         50  16.36289    -125.77     20.550    20.4501    20.4501
(0)         75  16.71504    -125.86     20.350    20.3500    20.3500
(0)        100  16.71514    -125.86     20.350    20.3501    20.3502
(0)        300  16.63296    -126.22     20.650    20.6500    20.6500
(0)        400  16.63305    -126.22     20.650    20.6500  -999.0000
(0)        700  40.57919     -74.57      2.350     2.3500     2.3500
(0)        900  40.57929     -74.57      2.350     3.4908     3.4891
(0)       1000  40.52584     -74.11      4.750     4.7500     4.7500
(0)       3000  40.52594     -74.11      4.750     4.5151     4.5153
(0)       7000  40.87282     -74.04      1.350     1.3500     1.3500
(0)      10000  40.87292     -74.04      1.350     2.2145     2.2143
(0)      15000  40.92625     -74.50      0.850     0.8500     0.8500
(0)     123456  40.92635     -74.50      0.850     1.4571     1.4570

You can also use the write_matrix procedure for "pretty printing" 2-dimensional variables.

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